If you’ve ever felt lonely, you might be surprised to learn that a stunning one in every three Americans over age 45 feels the same way. Though it may be a common condition, it can also come with some real health concerns. Let’s dive deep into social isolation and loneliness and how to overcome their negative effects.
Social isolation vs. loneliness
Although the terms are often used interchangeably, social isolation and loneliness are not technically the same. However, they do intersect.
Social isolation is the objective reality of having few social connections and little or no social support. Some people are highly independent and don’t feel lonely in this situation. But there are still health risks, even for those who believe they have little need for others.
Loneliness is a subjective feeling. Some people who are socially isolated feel intense loneliness as a result. And some feel lonely even when surrounded by others.
The negative effects of social isolation and loneliness
Social isolation carries quite a few health risks:
- 50% increase in dementia risk
- 32% higher risk for stroke
- 29% higher likelihood of developing heart disease
Both social isolation and loneliness can also increase your chances of:
- Depression
- Anxiety
- Type 2 diabetes
- Addiction
- Self-harm
- Premature death
Risk factors for social isolation and loneliness
Anyone can struggle with loneliness and/or social isolation. But some factors increase your risks:
- Limited resources or difficulty accessing them
- Lower income
- Being disabled
- Advanced age
- Psychiatric disorders
- Being a member of a marginalized group
- Living alone
- Past history of trauma or abuse
- Going through a major life transition, such as moving to another state or getting divorced
Combatting loneliness and social isolation
Fortunately, there are steps you can take to proactively combat both loneliness and social isolation. The most important step is to find a way to make new contacts, and don’t be afraid to think outside the box. For example, even if you have few friends at home, making connections at work can help improve your mental health in the workplace. You can also try volunteering for a cause that is important to you or participating in a hobby.
Be aware that it may take some persistence. People have busy lives and lots of obligations, so it can take some time to incorporate a new friend into your day-to-day world. Manage your expectations, respect boundaries, and try to build connections with lots of different people. Over time, a few will “stick.”
Online connections can help to bridge the gap, but they aren’t sufficient on their own. In-person contact is more fulfilling and does a better job of helping you to feel less lonely. However, online socialization is certainly preferable to no socialization at all.
If your loneliness persists despite building meaningful relationships, or you have trouble building bonds despite taking active steps, it may be time to seek professional assistance. Your doctor can refer you to a mental health professional for some guided recommendations based on your unique needs. And the client-therapist bond that you build with that professional can immediately start helping to fill some of the void.